Brain Health

As one ages, so does the brain. However, preventative health measures can slow the rate of natural cognitive decline and prevent the risk of neurodegenerative diseases later in life, due to neuroplasticity. Neurons and neural networks have the ability to alter their connections in response to external and internal stimuli. In order to build and strengthen one’s brain reserve, it is important to engage in daily habits and behaviors that promote neurogenesis (the growth of neurons), angiogenesis (the growth of blood vessels), synaptogenesis (the growth of synapses), and the growth of fiber bundles. Having a higher brain reserve can increase the ability to recover more from a neurodegenerative disease. 

In particular, the hippocampus, the brain structure that plays a crucial role in learning and memory, is extremely plastic and vulnerable. It is important to take steps to promote hippocampal growth throughout one's lifespan via activities such as exercise, meditation, continuous learning, having a healthy diet, sleeping well, avoiding psychoactive substances, and maintaining a social circle. For example, omega-3 fatty acids are key in enriching brain health, as these fats reduce inflammation and amyloid plaques (aggregations of beta-amyloid can lead to neurodegenerative disorders), improve blood flow, and increase Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant growth factor in the central nervous system (CNS), which plays a role in neural plasticity and neuronal survival. It is often referred to as a “brain fertilizer”. 

Such behaviors can reduce the risk of neurological disorders such as, stroke, dementia (such as Alzheimer’s Disease), and Parkinson’s Disease. Overall, taking care of brain health can also reduce stress,  risk of depression and migraines, and enable one to feel their best. 

The heart serves a vital role in pumping blood to the rest of the body and delivering oxygen from the lungs to other organs. However, cardiovascular disease stands as the leading cause of death worldwide. Some examples of cardiovascular disease include coronary heart disease and congenital heart disease (CHD) and common heart complications include myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation. Eating nutritiously, regularly exercising, sleeping well, maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and getting regular health screenings (for cholesterol, blood pressure, and diabetes) can help prevent future risk of cardiovascular disease.